Algerian tourism has recently become an important economic and strategic sector due to its unique economic and natural features, which offer financial and economic resources beyond the hydrocarbon sector and drive economic growth. It plays a significant role in reducing unemployment, a major concern for Algerian youth, and in boosting national production. When discussing the southwest of Algeria, the first place that comes to mind is the capital of the Saoura region, the Wilaya of Bechar, which is 1020 km from Algiers. This area attracts a large influx of tourists from both within and outside the country, drawn to its renowned tourist spots, such as Karzaz and the northern palaces, which captivate the heart and mind with their profound beauty crafted by nature.
Taghit
Taghit is located in the far southwest of Algeria, 1117 km from the capital and 97 km southeast of Bechar, the state capital. The Taghit region extends across a plateau, where the city benefits from the Zuzfaneh Valley, which stretches from the eastern borders of Algeria to western Morocco. The region is also known for its oases, which have been specially selected and developed. Taghit, also known as “Tagilt” or “Aghil,” reflects a historical connection to its early inhabitants, the Bani Kumi (Bani Fumi) and Bani Fumi Uvumieh—tribes related to the Bani Abd al-Wad, the rulers of Tlemcen. Historian Abd al-Rahman ibn Khaldun (d. 1406 AD) discussed these tribes, noting their support for the Marinids after the latter overthrew the Bani Abd al-Wad in 1334 AD. According to historical accounts, Taghit is derived from the Arabic word “Ghaith,” meaning “relief.” It is said that the name was given by an exhausted traveler who discovered an oasis with abundant fruits and fresh water. Alternatively, the name might come from “Tagut,” referring to the stone or plateau upon which the city is built.
Taghit has been inhabited for over eleven centuries, as confirmed by both Ibn Khaldun and Hassan Al-Wazzan. The Bani Foumi were the first settlers, originating from the Wadid Covenant tribes who ruled Tlemcen before their defeat by the Marinids in Fez in 735 AH. The plateau of Zuzfana, on which Taghit is situated, has a long history of habitation. Some narratives suggest that the Al-Rawabah tribe, also known as “Awlad Belkheir Faqiq,” were among the earliest inhabitants. During the French colonial period, French forces entered the region in February 1897, led by Major Gordon.
Palaces of Mud
The city of Taghit is renowned for its “mud palaces,” a treasure more than 11 centuries old, still standing firm despite the passage of time. These palaces tell many stories of resilience against harsh natural conditions and the establishment of a civilization that remains significant in historical records. Visitors are immediately struck by the sight of these mud buildings, which effectively withstand the desert climate, mitigating the intense summer heat, which often exceeds 50 degrees Celsius. Although the palaces vary in architectural style, they share a common urban layout: the mosque is at the city’s entrance, with houses following, and each palace’s market is located outside the city to control access. Ingenious engineering allows sunlight to enter while keeping the streets narrow and the windows small, known as “Ain al-Dar,” to facilitate ventilation and protect against pests.
Ancient Taghit Palace
The ancient palace of Taghit, built in the eleventh century, remains a testament to a history that spans thousands of years. Historians trace its construction to two revered figures, “Sayyid Suleiman” and “Murabit Sayed Ahmed” from the Amara tribe, known for their origins in Wadi al-Sahel and Sakia al-Hamra. The palace is situated on a rocky plateau facing east towards the vast dunes and overlooking Wadi Zuzfanah. French historian Paul Laghat noted that the palace’s walls were made of crumbling bricks and described the village’s narrow, winding streets, which follow the uneven terrain and architectural designs.
Rock Carvings
Another notable feature of Taghit is its “rock carvings,” which depict the environment and wildlife of the region. Dating back 7,000 to 10,000 years BC, these carvings represent some of the oldest and most significant cultural evidence in the area.
Sand Dunes for Adventure Enthusiasts
Taghit boasts stunning golden sand dunes, some reaching over 200 meters in height, and surrounded by rugged mountain chains. Visitors often climb these dunes to enjoy adventures such as sand skiing or motorcycle riding at sunset, taking in the serene and breathtaking views.
Sand Therapy
In addition to the scenic beauty, Taghit’s sand also offers therapeutic benefits. The area’s sand is known for its medicinal properties, helping to alleviate conditions such as rheumatism, arthritis, back pain, muscle pain, and allergies. Sand basins are prepared by digging holes, where patients lie covered in hot sand for therapeutic sessions lasting up to 35 minutes, depending on their condition.
Irrigation with Vertebrates
An interesting feature of Taghit’s desert landscape is the traditional irrigation method known as “vertebrates.” This effective system, used to water palm trees, supports the region’s agriculture. Taghit boasts over 100,000 palm trees producing 50 types of dates, including Al-Ma’sala, Dry, Malliha, Tiuragin, and Faqus.
Folk Dishes and Traditional Evenings
Local traditions include setting up restaurants inside tents, offering a unique dining experience with traditional decor. One of the most famous dishes of Taghit is served to tourists upon request. Visitors can also enjoy tea and traditional music performances by local bands, such as the Fenawi and Qarqabo, held on the sand dunes at night.
Article updated on 16 October 2024